1 00:00:06,389 --> 00:00:02,629 station this is houston are you ready 2 00:00:11,270 --> 00:00:08,549 houston this is space station we are 3 00:00:13,270 --> 00:00:11,280 ready for the event 4 00:00:15,749 --> 00:00:13,280 at talbot innovation middle school this 5 00:00:19,029 --> 00:00:15,759 is mission control in houston please 6 00:00:21,189 --> 00:00:19,039 call station for a voice check 7 00:00:22,790 --> 00:00:21,199 station this is ben squire at talbot 8 00:00:26,550 --> 00:00:22,800 innovation middle school how do you hear 9 00:00:31,029 --> 00:00:28,790 ben i'm so glad to finally talk to you 10 00:00:31,750 --> 00:00:31,039 from space i've been looking forward to 11 00:00:33,270 --> 00:00:31,760 to 12 00:00:35,190 --> 00:00:33,280 talking with you and your school for 13 00:00:36,790 --> 00:00:35,200 quite a while good morning it's great to 14 00:00:40,150 --> 00:00:36,800 be with you from the international space 15 00:00:57,430 --> 00:00:41,510 thank you very much chris we'll get 16 00:01:02,470 --> 00:01:00,790 hello miss hello mr cassidy my name is 17 00:01:03,189 --> 00:01:02,480 i'm interested in knowing what is it 18 00:01:09,190 --> 00:01:03,199 like 19 00:01:13,830 --> 00:01:11,590 oh the feeling of zero gravity is is 20 00:01:16,550 --> 00:01:13,840 just tremendous and yes it's very easy 21 00:01:18,070 --> 00:01:16,560 for to do a flip uh and i can do it with 22 00:01:19,749 --> 00:01:18,080 uh 23 00:01:21,429 --> 00:01:19,759 hopefully not crashing my head into the 24 00:01:23,109 --> 00:01:21,439 ceiling but it feels just tremendous 25 00:01:24,149 --> 00:01:23,119 imagine if you were in your classroom 26 00:01:25,910 --> 00:01:24,159 right there 27 00:01:27,749 --> 00:01:25,920 and instead of sitting in the chairs 28 00:01:28,870 --> 00:01:27,759 that you are everybody was floating in 29 00:01:30,310 --> 00:01:28,880 the middle of the room and having a 30 00:01:32,710 --> 00:01:30,320 discussion that's what it's like every 31 00:01:46,230 --> 00:01:32,720 time we have dinner together on board 32 00:01:53,190 --> 00:01:48,469 hello 33 00:01:58,630 --> 00:01:53,200 you think that humans losing mars is 34 00:02:01,990 --> 00:01:59,749 madison 35 00:02:04,950 --> 00:02:02,000 that's a really intriguing question 36 00:02:07,910 --> 00:02:04,960 i definitely think humans going to mars 37 00:02:10,150 --> 00:02:07,920 is realistic and in fact um when one of 38 00:02:12,710 --> 00:02:10,160 you guys is an astronaut it i really 39 00:02:14,550 --> 00:02:12,720 believe it'll happen uh maybe not in the 40 00:02:17,430 --> 00:02:14,560 time while i'm an active 41 00:02:19,030 --> 00:02:17,440 active astronaut but what um 42 00:02:21,589 --> 00:02:19,040 myself and the others that are working 43 00:02:23,430 --> 00:02:21,599 at nasa right now are paving the way to 44 00:02:25,430 --> 00:02:23,440 so that all the support systems and 45 00:02:27,589 --> 00:02:25,440 things like this uh will be in place 46 00:02:30,790 --> 00:02:27,599 that you know you can rely reliably 47 00:02:33,509 --> 00:02:30,800 trust those uh those systems as you 48 00:02:35,350 --> 00:02:33,519 travel on to mars it's a long way as you 49 00:02:37,030 --> 00:02:35,360 know to get there and given the current 50 00:02:39,750 --> 00:02:37,040 propulsion technology it would take a 51 00:02:41,990 --> 00:02:39,760 significant amount of time and i'd have 52 00:02:45,110 --> 00:02:42,000 to think long and hard about going 53 00:02:46,790 --> 00:02:45,120 because it's a long time away from 54 00:02:49,270 --> 00:02:46,800 family and friends and loved ones but 55 00:02:51,830 --> 00:02:49,280 it's a great goal to have to get to mars 56 00:02:53,589 --> 00:02:51,840 so i'd really think think about that if 57 00:02:55,670 --> 00:02:53,599 we deve as we're developing new 58 00:02:56,390 --> 00:02:55,680 technologies which are uh 59 00:03:00,390 --> 00:02:56,400 in 60 00:03:02,470 --> 00:03:00,400 serious uh this a serious process of 61 00:03:05,509 --> 00:03:02,480 development right now that could get us 62 00:03:07,910 --> 00:03:05,519 there in much much shorter of a time 63 00:03:09,589 --> 00:03:07,920 with a constant low thrust constant 64 00:03:11,750 --> 00:03:09,599 propulsion that can get us to mars much 65 00:03:15,030 --> 00:03:11,760 more quickly so that's exciting for me 66 00:03:17,270 --> 00:03:15,040 to think about to pave the way for folks 67 00:03:24,630 --> 00:03:17,280 like you to be walking on mars and not 68 00:03:28,390 --> 00:03:26,710 hello mr cassidy my name is kenneth and 69 00:03:30,229 --> 00:03:28,400 i'm in the sixth grade i was wondering 70 00:03:35,110 --> 00:03:30,239 what kind of projects is rover not used 71 00:03:38,949 --> 00:03:37,270 our buddy robonaut is an interesting 72 00:03:41,350 --> 00:03:38,959 crewmate 73 00:03:43,190 --> 00:03:41,360 he doesn't take up 74 00:03:45,110 --> 00:03:43,200 much space when he's packed away in his 75 00:03:47,350 --> 00:03:45,120 in his side he's very quiet and minds 76 00:03:48,390 --> 00:03:47,360 his manners so we love having him on 77 00:03:50,949 --> 00:03:48,400 board 78 00:03:52,550 --> 00:03:50,959 now what he's used for right now is 79 00:03:53,509 --> 00:03:52,560 figuring out 80 00:03:56,229 --> 00:03:53,519 how 81 00:03:57,910 --> 00:03:56,239 to function and the ground teams are 82 00:04:00,470 --> 00:03:57,920 running through their test programs to 83 00:04:02,869 --> 00:04:00,480 make sure that he's safe and we can 84 00:04:04,710 --> 00:04:02,879 trust him to do tasks and things like 85 00:04:07,110 --> 00:04:04,720 this in the in the in the 86 00:04:09,270 --> 00:04:07,120 not too distant future 87 00:04:11,830 --> 00:04:09,280 he can be programmed to do certain 88 00:04:13,589 --> 00:04:11,840 procedures and to ten to ten perhaps to 89 00:04:15,110 --> 00:04:13,599 certain experiments right now he's not 90 00:04:19,430 --> 00:04:15,120 quite ready for that 91 00:04:22,710 --> 00:04:21,030 the test program 92 00:04:24,390 --> 00:04:22,720 making sure that everything is sorted 93 00:04:25,670 --> 00:04:24,400 out and squared away but it's pretty 94 00:04:27,350 --> 00:04:25,680 neat to see him 95 00:04:29,270 --> 00:04:27,360 and when you put on the virtual reality 96 00:04:31,590 --> 00:04:29,280 glasses it's as if you 97 00:04:33,590 --> 00:04:31,600 are robonaut looking through his vision 98 00:04:35,909 --> 00:04:33,600 and your hands can move and his hands 99 00:04:38,710 --> 00:04:35,919 respond so it's a really really fun 100 00:04:40,870 --> 00:04:38,720 experiment for us to try and uh and work 101 00:04:45,990 --> 00:04:40,880 with robot robonaut it's it's a lot of 102 00:04:51,270 --> 00:04:48,629 hello my name is joseph and i wanted to 103 00:04:53,749 --> 00:04:51,280 know how do gases and liquids move 104 00:04:59,350 --> 00:04:53,759 differently in space with with zero 105 00:05:05,270 --> 00:05:02,629 joseph you have good insight 106 00:05:07,350 --> 00:05:05,280 so liquids as a matter of fact i could i 107 00:05:09,430 --> 00:05:07,360 could show you what liquids do that the 108 00:05:10,950 --> 00:05:09,440 surface tension of the of the liquids 109 00:05:11,830 --> 00:05:10,960 particularly water is what i'm using 110 00:05:14,550 --> 00:05:11,840 right now 111 00:05:17,189 --> 00:05:14,560 keeps keeps it together quite well 112 00:05:18,310 --> 00:05:17,199 and they form nice little bubbles 113 00:05:19,590 --> 00:05:18,320 and uh 114 00:05:21,670 --> 00:05:19,600 i don't know if you can see that in the 115 00:05:24,390 --> 00:05:21,680 camera very well but 116 00:05:26,790 --> 00:05:24,400 those bubbles uh 117 00:05:28,629 --> 00:05:26,800 float around and if it's not water 118 00:05:30,469 --> 00:05:28,639 it can get on our walls and on saturday 119 00:05:31,830 --> 00:05:30,479 mornings we have to clean that up but 120 00:05:33,830 --> 00:05:31,840 that's how 121 00:05:34,550 --> 00:05:33,840 how the liquid behaves really just sort 122 00:05:35,909 --> 00:05:34,560 of 123 00:05:37,270 --> 00:05:35,919 wobbles around one interesting 124 00:05:38,469 --> 00:05:37,280 experiment 125 00:05:40,390 --> 00:05:38,479 a part of 126 00:05:42,710 --> 00:05:40,400 is 127 00:05:44,790 --> 00:05:42,720 designing certain 128 00:05:48,150 --> 00:05:44,800 certain vessels to hold those those 129 00:05:50,469 --> 00:05:48,160 liquids such that 130 00:05:52,230 --> 00:05:50,479 the shape of the vessel forces the fluid 131 00:05:55,110 --> 00:05:52,240 to go in a certain way and the use for 132 00:05:57,270 --> 00:05:55,120 that would be having fuel tanks without 133 00:05:58,230 --> 00:05:57,280 pumps to move that fluid around so the 134 00:06:00,230 --> 00:05:58,240 natural 135 00:06:01,670 --> 00:06:00,240 surface tension forces will get those 136 00:06:04,150 --> 00:06:01,680 the fluid to go where you want that's 137 00:06:05,590 --> 00:06:04,160 really interesting now gases on the 138 00:06:07,189 --> 00:06:05,600 other hand 139 00:06:08,950 --> 00:06:07,199 they don't really spread that well so 140 00:06:11,670 --> 00:06:08,960 what we need is a lot of fans our air 141 00:06:14,390 --> 00:06:11,680 conditioning system up here 142 00:06:16,390 --> 00:06:14,400 is working all the time not only to keep 143 00:06:19,029 --> 00:06:16,400 us keep the temperature well that's only 144 00:06:21,270 --> 00:06:19,039 part of the the story it's to circulate 145 00:06:24,150 --> 00:06:21,280 all this air as i exhale right now the 146 00:06:26,390 --> 00:06:24,160 co2 if i didn't the co2 around me would 147 00:06:28,629 --> 00:06:26,400 just form a bubble around my head if the 148 00:06:30,950 --> 00:06:28,639 air conditioning system wasn't working 149 00:06:32,550 --> 00:06:30,960 the way it is to circulate that air and 150 00:06:35,029 --> 00:06:32,560 get everything flowing around so we have 151 00:06:41,350 --> 00:06:35,039 a nice mixture of all the gases that we 152 00:06:45,350 --> 00:06:43,749 hello mr cassie my name is haley i'm in 153 00:06:46,710 --> 00:06:45,360 sixth grade i was wondering what would 154 00:06:52,790 --> 00:06:46,720 happen if you went outside the space 155 00:06:58,309 --> 00:06:56,070 well the short answer is uh my wife and 156 00:07:00,790 --> 00:06:58,319 kids and mom and dad and brother would 157 00:07:02,790 --> 00:07:00,800 not be too happy because i wouldn't last 158 00:07:05,110 --> 00:07:02,800 very long 159 00:07:07,510 --> 00:07:05,120 the more technical answer 160 00:07:11,670 --> 00:07:09,110 your the liquids in your body would 161 00:07:13,589 --> 00:07:11,680 basically boil away and it's much like 162 00:07:15,749 --> 00:07:13,599 imagine if you climb when you if you 163 00:07:18,629 --> 00:07:15,759 ever read about mount everest climbers 164 00:07:20,150 --> 00:07:18,639 if they climb without oxygen bottles as 165 00:07:21,589 --> 00:07:20,160 they climb up there is getting thinner 166 00:07:23,749 --> 00:07:21,599 and thinner and thinner it's harder and 167 00:07:25,909 --> 00:07:23,759 harder to breathe as we would be in the 168 00:07:28,710 --> 00:07:25,919 airlock without our spacesuit if we ever 169 00:07:30,390 --> 00:07:28,720 did that which we wouldn't 170 00:07:32,070 --> 00:07:30,400 it'd be harder and harder and harder to 171 00:07:34,309 --> 00:07:32,080 breathe because the air is thinner and 172 00:07:36,230 --> 00:07:34,319 thinner and less oxygen models molecules 173 00:07:37,830 --> 00:07:36,240 to work until you get to the vacuum of 174 00:07:39,749 --> 00:07:37,840 space and there's some number magic 175 00:07:42,309 --> 00:07:39,759 number where you wouldn't even reach the 176 00:07:44,469 --> 00:07:42,319 vacuum you would you'd be uh 177 00:07:53,830 --> 00:07:44,479 out before you got there 178 00:07:58,070 --> 00:07:56,070 hello mr cassidy my name is sadie and i 179 00:07:59,830 --> 00:07:58,080 am in seventh grade i was wondering what 180 00:08:05,670 --> 00:07:59,840 it feels like to experience earth from a 181 00:08:09,589 --> 00:08:06,469 well 182 00:08:11,670 --> 00:08:09,599 let me tell you it's hard to describe 183 00:08:13,110 --> 00:08:11,680 how beautiful the earth looks from up 184 00:08:14,390 --> 00:08:13,120 here and 185 00:08:16,629 --> 00:08:14,400 what we see 186 00:08:19,749 --> 00:08:16,639 we we're not high enough our altitude is 187 00:08:22,710 --> 00:08:19,759 about 250 miles uh so we can't see the 188 00:08:24,790 --> 00:08:22,720 whole globe at once imagine if you're 189 00:08:25,909 --> 00:08:24,800 you're in your mom and dad's car 190 00:08:28,790 --> 00:08:25,919 and 191 00:08:30,390 --> 00:08:28,800 the horizon kind of crossed over 192 00:08:32,949 --> 00:08:30,400 through the middle of the windshield of 193 00:08:35,430 --> 00:08:32,959 the car that's kind of what we see and 194 00:08:39,350 --> 00:08:35,440 we can see instead of just that we see 195 00:08:40,949 --> 00:08:39,360 that amount of a circle underneath us 196 00:08:42,870 --> 00:08:40,959 and for instance right now we just 197 00:08:44,790 --> 00:08:42,880 passed the coast of the east coast of 198 00:08:47,110 --> 00:08:44,800 south america and if i looked out the 199 00:08:49,910 --> 00:08:47,120 window i could see south america off to 200 00:08:52,790 --> 00:08:49,920 our right-hand side as we're passing and 201 00:08:55,030 --> 00:08:52,800 what what what does that appear it's the 202 00:08:57,190 --> 00:08:55,040 blues the really beautiful blues of the 203 00:09:00,070 --> 00:08:57,200 ocean and the white clouds 204 00:09:02,310 --> 00:09:00,080 and white mountain tops in some places 205 00:09:04,790 --> 00:09:02,320 and really plush green vegetation and 206 00:09:06,949 --> 00:09:04,800 really stark starks dark brown of the 207 00:09:08,630 --> 00:09:06,959 deserts and you mix all that together 208 00:09:10,710 --> 00:09:08,640 and and it makes me think what a 209 00:09:13,430 --> 00:09:10,720 wonderful spaceship we all have and 210 00:09:15,430 --> 00:09:13,440 share that uh as our home that we call 211 00:09:18,710 --> 00:09:15,440 earth and it makes me want to take care 212 00:09:24,070 --> 00:09:18,720 of it and enjoy every moment that we 213 00:09:28,470 --> 00:09:26,550 hello mr cassidy this is keith i am 214 00:09:30,310 --> 00:09:28,480 interested in knowing what would happen 215 00:09:36,310 --> 00:09:30,320 if a satellite or space debris were 216 00:09:40,710 --> 00:09:38,470 well keith that's a a real threat 217 00:09:42,949 --> 00:09:40,720 actually and the the way we mitigate 218 00:09:43,990 --> 00:09:42,959 that threat or lessen the risk for that 219 00:09:46,230 --> 00:09:44,000 happening 220 00:09:47,829 --> 00:09:46,240 is there are tracking stations around 221 00:09:48,710 --> 00:09:47,839 the world that can help 222 00:09:50,870 --> 00:09:48,720 track 223 00:09:53,030 --> 00:09:50,880 pieces of debris that we know 224 00:09:56,070 --> 00:09:53,040 the trajectory of those 225 00:09:59,110 --> 00:09:56,080 part particles and can kind of predict 226 00:10:00,630 --> 00:09:59,120 to a certain level of predictability 227 00:10:02,949 --> 00:10:00,640 when that 228 00:10:04,790 --> 00:10:02,959 intersect that predicted path might 229 00:10:07,350 --> 00:10:04,800 intersect with the space station's 230 00:10:09,750 --> 00:10:07,360 predicted path and we have really smart 231 00:10:12,069 --> 00:10:09,760 people that do that project that out 232 00:10:14,230 --> 00:10:12,079 several days and if it looks like it's 233 00:10:16,230 --> 00:10:14,240 going to be a problem what we can do is 234 00:10:19,110 --> 00:10:16,240 maneuver the space station basically 235 00:10:21,990 --> 00:10:19,120 increase its altitude 236 00:10:23,910 --> 00:10:22,000 and change slightly our orbit so that it 237 00:10:26,310 --> 00:10:23,920 it lessens the likelihood that that will 238 00:10:28,069 --> 00:10:26,320 happen now the unfortunate part is 239 00:10:30,550 --> 00:10:28,079 there's lots of tiny little particles 240 00:10:32,630 --> 00:10:30,560 that are untrackable and those could 241 00:10:34,710 --> 00:10:32,640 could it's always a risk that that they 242 00:10:37,030 --> 00:10:34,720 would hit and in the event that it hit 243 00:10:38,870 --> 00:10:37,040 the space station and penetrated a hole 244 00:10:41,030 --> 00:10:38,880 that's where we train for emergencies 245 00:10:43,990 --> 00:10:41,040 where we have the ability to close 246 00:10:45,990 --> 00:10:44,000 certain hatches and isolate that leak to 247 00:10:47,750 --> 00:10:46,000 just one compartment and we'd have the 248 00:10:50,069 --> 00:10:47,760 remainder of the space station to be 249 00:10:52,790 --> 00:10:50,079 safe in and in the worst case scenario 250 00:10:54,710 --> 00:10:52,800 we climb into our soyuz and 251 00:11:02,710 --> 00:10:54,720 undock from the space station and come 252 00:11:07,829 --> 00:11:06,150 hello mr cassidy my name is anastasia 253 00:11:13,190 --> 00:11:07,839 could you explain the difference between 254 00:11:15,910 --> 00:11:15,030 oh good question 255 00:11:17,030 --> 00:11:15,920 so 256 00:11:19,110 --> 00:11:17,040 um 257 00:11:20,230 --> 00:11:19,120 what gives you your weight 258 00:11:22,949 --> 00:11:20,240 on earth 259 00:11:24,470 --> 00:11:22,959 is your mass like how much mass is in 260 00:11:27,670 --> 00:11:24,480 your body 261 00:11:29,910 --> 00:11:27,680 times the gravity that we have on earth 262 00:11:31,030 --> 00:11:29,920 so that that number multiplied gives you 263 00:11:33,990 --> 00:11:31,040 your weight 264 00:11:35,110 --> 00:11:34,000 on up here i still have mass i still in 265 00:11:37,509 --> 00:11:35,120 the same 266 00:11:38,470 --> 00:11:37,519 about 200 pound person that i am on the 267 00:11:40,230 --> 00:11:38,480 ground 268 00:11:42,550 --> 00:11:40,240 but there's no 269 00:11:45,670 --> 00:11:42,560 number to multiply it by to give me my 270 00:11:48,550 --> 00:11:45,680 weight so you multiply zero times about 271 00:11:51,190 --> 00:11:48,560 200 and you get zero so that's how i 272 00:11:53,430 --> 00:11:51,200 have my weightlessness and on the ground 273 00:11:55,509 --> 00:11:53,440 when we put the gravity back into that 274 00:11:56,550 --> 00:11:55,519 math problem my weight will come right 275 00:12:01,990 --> 00:11:56,560 back 276 00:12:06,230 --> 00:12:04,470 hello mr cassidy this is kara and sarah 277 00:12:12,230 --> 00:12:06,240 we were wondering if it's scarier 278 00:12:16,470 --> 00:12:14,470 wow that's a really really neat question 279 00:12:17,750 --> 00:12:16,480 to ponder um 280 00:12:21,910 --> 00:12:17,760 i think 281 00:12:24,949 --> 00:12:21,920 the short answer would be coming home 282 00:12:27,030 --> 00:12:24,959 because we're we know we're already here 283 00:12:28,230 --> 00:12:27,040 and you still got to get back and if you 284 00:12:30,629 --> 00:12:28,240 think about it 285 00:12:33,430 --> 00:12:30,639 all of the energy all that fire and 286 00:12:36,629 --> 00:12:33,440 smoke and vibrations that goes into 287 00:12:37,590 --> 00:12:36,639 launch day that pushes us up to to uh to 288 00:12:39,990 --> 00:12:37,600 space 289 00:12:41,910 --> 00:12:40,000 all of that energy has to come back out 290 00:12:44,629 --> 00:12:41,920 and how does it come back out in the 291 00:12:46,949 --> 00:12:44,639 form of heat on the bottom of our space 292 00:12:48,710 --> 00:12:46,959 craft so 293 00:12:51,030 --> 00:12:48,720 and we have 294 00:12:53,110 --> 00:12:51,040 certain shields on the bottom that that 295 00:12:55,990 --> 00:12:53,120 prevent that heat from melting through 296 00:12:57,350 --> 00:12:56,000 the metal and once we get low enough 297 00:12:58,550 --> 00:12:57,360 those heat shields 298 00:13:00,949 --> 00:12:58,560 fall away 299 00:13:03,110 --> 00:13:00,959 and will come down under parachute but 300 00:13:06,230 --> 00:13:03,120 it's a really dynamic part coming back 301 00:13:08,870 --> 00:13:06,240 into re-entry to the atmosphere and uh 302 00:13:11,590 --> 00:13:08,880 for me that's part a part that 303 00:13:13,110 --> 00:13:11,600 we will be really focused on making sure 304 00:13:14,870 --> 00:13:13,120 we know how to safely respond to 305 00:13:21,590 --> 00:13:14,880 anything that goes wrong but it 306 00:13:26,550 --> 00:13:23,910 hello mr cassidy my name is rebecca i 307 00:13:32,949 --> 00:13:26,560 was wondering what safety procedures are 308 00:13:37,670 --> 00:13:35,509 well my last crewmate that just left 309 00:13:41,030 --> 00:13:37,680 last week tom marshburn he was a medical 310 00:13:42,629 --> 00:13:41,040 doctor so fortunately for us during my 311 00:13:44,150 --> 00:13:42,639 first two months on board if there was a 312 00:13:46,069 --> 00:13:44,160 medical problem then he would take care 313 00:13:48,389 --> 00:13:46,079 of it and he'd be right there his 314 00:13:50,310 --> 00:13:48,399 emergency medical physician but that's 315 00:13:52,710 --> 00:13:50,320 not the case all the time 316 00:13:55,509 --> 00:13:52,720 and what would be the situation if he 317 00:13:58,230 --> 00:13:55,519 was the one that was hurt so in order to 318 00:13:59,509 --> 00:13:58,240 protect for that all of us have a basic 319 00:14:02,150 --> 00:13:59,519 level of 320 00:14:04,230 --> 00:14:02,160 i would say emergency medicine of the 321 00:14:06,629 --> 00:14:04,240 airways and breathing and circulation 322 00:14:08,629 --> 00:14:06,639 kind of things for an immediate response 323 00:14:10,870 --> 00:14:08,639 how to deal with a choking victim and 324 00:14:13,990 --> 00:14:10,880 things like this 325 00:14:16,310 --> 00:14:14,000 unfortunately we have highly trained 326 00:14:19,030 --> 00:14:16,320 medical professionals and doctors who 327 00:14:21,829 --> 00:14:19,040 are on console in mission control and if 328 00:14:24,310 --> 00:14:21,839 we did have a problem like that um as 329 00:14:25,670 --> 00:14:24,320 soon as we get the person situated and 330 00:14:27,670 --> 00:14:25,680 start working on them we'd be 331 00:14:30,389 --> 00:14:27,680 immediately on the radio talking to 332 00:14:33,030 --> 00:14:30,399 those folks on the ground who in a form 333 00:14:34,870 --> 00:14:33,040 of telemedicine really would help us 334 00:14:36,790 --> 00:14:34,880 navigate our way through the the medical 335 00:14:39,030 --> 00:14:36,800 problem and make sure that person got 336 00:14:42,949 --> 00:14:39,040 the best care that they could get 337 00:14:46,629 --> 00:14:45,110 hello mr cassidy my name is hannah and 338 00:14:48,150 --> 00:14:46,639 i'm in seventh grade and i was wondering 339 00:14:53,030 --> 00:14:48,160 how often do you have to talk with your 340 00:14:58,790 --> 00:14:56,389 well once a week we have a scheduled 341 00:15:01,350 --> 00:14:58,800 video conference much like skype or 342 00:15:03,030 --> 00:15:01,360 facetime it's not those particular 343 00:15:05,030 --> 00:15:03,040 programs but 344 00:15:06,629 --> 00:15:05,040 the same type of thing where they can 345 00:15:09,110 --> 00:15:06,639 see me and i can see them and that's 346 00:15:11,110 --> 00:15:09,120 usually on the weekends 347 00:15:13,910 --> 00:15:11,120 we of course have email 348 00:15:15,750 --> 00:15:13,920 and and depending on where we are around 349 00:15:16,710 --> 00:15:15,760 the world and how the satellite coverage 350 00:15:19,269 --> 00:15:16,720 lines up 351 00:15:21,350 --> 00:15:19,279 we do have a program on our computers 352 00:15:23,430 --> 00:15:21,360 where we can 353 00:15:24,389 --> 00:15:23,440 basically dial a phone number and it'll 354 00:15:26,470 --> 00:15:24,399 ring 355 00:15:28,310 --> 00:15:26,480 on the phone on earth and we can talk 356 00:15:30,629 --> 00:15:28,320 for a little bit but the satellite 357 00:15:32,870 --> 00:15:30,639 coverage comes and goes so that's not uh 358 00:15:35,509 --> 00:15:32,880 a full-time thing that we can use but if 359 00:15:38,389 --> 00:15:35,519 the communication is really good in fact 360 00:15:40,550 --> 00:15:38,399 um you know i i sometimes feel like i'm 361 00:15:42,870 --> 00:15:40,560 more in touch with my family on the 362 00:15:45,030 --> 00:15:42,880 space station than when i was traveling 363 00:15:46,949 --> 00:15:45,040 back and forth to all the different 364 00:15:48,629 --> 00:15:46,959 training locations 365 00:15:52,710 --> 00:15:48,639 in the previous couple of years leading 366 00:15:57,430 --> 00:15:55,110 hello mr cassidy my name is connor and 367 00:15:59,110 --> 00:15:57,440 i'm in 6th grade i was wondering how 368 00:16:06,550 --> 00:15:59,120 much of your time during one day is 369 00:16:10,550 --> 00:16:09,110 well that's interesting because um if 370 00:16:12,629 --> 00:16:10,560 everything goes well with the space 371 00:16:15,350 --> 00:16:12,639 station which knock on wood has been 372 00:16:17,670 --> 00:16:15,360 going well for for us up here we had one 373 00:16:20,069 --> 00:16:17,680 small problem with an ammonia system but 374 00:16:22,069 --> 00:16:20,079 we have that fixed now if everything 375 00:16:24,949 --> 00:16:22,079 goes well we can devote a lot of time 376 00:16:27,590 --> 00:16:24,959 per day to science experiments let's 377 00:16:29,189 --> 00:16:27,600 take today in particular all morning 378 00:16:30,550 --> 00:16:29,199 from right after breakfast until right 379 00:16:33,030 --> 00:16:30,560 before lunch 380 00:16:35,269 --> 00:16:33,040 i was working on this really neat 381 00:16:37,829 --> 00:16:35,279 experiment called spheres and what they 382 00:16:39,829 --> 00:16:37,839 are are 383 00:16:42,949 --> 00:16:39,839 little small circular satellites about 384 00:16:45,030 --> 00:16:42,959 the size of a soccer ball with a way 385 00:16:46,710 --> 00:16:45,040 they have a way to navigate themselves 386 00:16:48,150 --> 00:16:46,720 inside our volume right where i'm 387 00:16:49,189 --> 00:16:48,160 standing actually is where they were 388 00:16:51,110 --> 00:16:49,199 where they were 389 00:16:52,710 --> 00:16:51,120 maneuvering around each other and 390 00:16:54,949 --> 00:16:52,720 creating a map 391 00:16:57,269 --> 00:16:54,959 of this environment and navigating with 392 00:16:58,790 --> 00:16:57,279 that map 393 00:17:01,590 --> 00:16:58,800 that's what those spheres were doing so 394 00:17:04,710 --> 00:17:01,600 i was part of really just setting up the 395 00:17:05,990 --> 00:17:04,720 experiment for the real uh scientists 396 00:17:07,909 --> 00:17:06,000 who are on the ground who are following 397 00:17:11,110 --> 00:17:07,919 along and helping me 398 00:17:14,150 --> 00:17:11,120 troubleshoot any things that arose 399 00:17:16,069 --> 00:17:14,160 that that was today so that was maybe 400 00:17:18,230 --> 00:17:16,079 four hours four and a half hours worth 401 00:17:20,230 --> 00:17:18,240 of science just today alone and then 402 00:17:22,230 --> 00:17:20,240 this afternoon i have some exercise and 403 00:17:24,549 --> 00:17:22,240 some more maintenance things 404 00:17:26,949 --> 00:17:24,559 so the short answer to your question is 405 00:17:28,870 --> 00:17:26,959 probably in a good day about four hours 406 00:17:30,830 --> 00:17:28,880 and if once we have multiple crew up 407 00:17:33,590 --> 00:17:30,840 here that number 408 00:17:35,430 --> 00:17:33,600 multiplies so it's really exciting place 409 00:17:40,789 --> 00:17:35,440 to be and to perform perform all this 410 00:17:45,510 --> 00:17:43,350 hello mr cassidy this is calvin and i 411 00:17:47,190 --> 00:17:45,520 was wondering why is middle school math 412 00:17:52,150 --> 00:17:47,200 and science important to learn and 413 00:17:56,870 --> 00:17:54,950 well calvin um 414 00:17:58,870 --> 00:17:56,880 math and science is not just important 415 00:18:01,110 --> 00:17:58,880 to become an astronaut it's important 416 00:18:03,350 --> 00:18:01,120 life skill in my opinion 417 00:18:07,110 --> 00:18:03,360 from simple things like knowing how to 418 00:18:10,789 --> 00:18:08,549 converting money when you travel 419 00:18:13,270 --> 00:18:10,799 overseas all those are small little math 420 00:18:14,789 --> 00:18:13,280 problems that you do every day that as 421 00:18:17,190 --> 00:18:14,799 you get older you don't really think 422 00:18:20,310 --> 00:18:17,200 about that you're doing math but you are 423 00:18:21,669 --> 00:18:20,320 and we have complicated complicated math 424 00:18:24,070 --> 00:18:21,679 problems that are happening up here on 425 00:18:26,870 --> 00:18:24,080 the space station such as those debris 426 00:18:28,870 --> 00:18:26,880 avoidance maneuvers the way i described 427 00:18:32,070 --> 00:18:28,880 how the space station has to 428 00:18:34,630 --> 00:18:32,080 calculate its uh its trajectory based on 429 00:18:36,870 --> 00:18:34,640 some other particles trajectory and move 430 00:18:40,549 --> 00:18:36,880 to a different position that is a really 431 00:18:42,390 --> 00:18:40,559 hard uh basically math problem where you 432 00:18:44,549 --> 00:18:42,400 have to figure out the angles and the 433 00:18:47,270 --> 00:18:44,559 geometry of all those 434 00:18:48,870 --> 00:18:47,280 particles down to simple math problems 435 00:18:49,830 --> 00:18:48,880 that we have up here 436 00:18:51,669 --> 00:18:49,840 like i 437 00:18:54,549 --> 00:18:51,679 said converting money is a small thing 438 00:18:57,590 --> 00:18:54,559 on on earth but up here we have to maybe 439 00:18:59,750 --> 00:18:57,600 calculate the time differences between 440 00:19:01,909 --> 00:18:59,760 experiments that we're conducting in 441 00:19:05,029 --> 00:19:01,919 things like this so 442 00:19:07,270 --> 00:19:05,039 math and science are fundamental 443 00:19:10,390 --> 00:19:07,280 things that we use throughout our day 444 00:19:12,630 --> 00:19:10,400 whether you're in space on the ground or 445 00:19:14,950 --> 00:19:12,640 somewhere in between 446 00:19:17,590 --> 00:19:14,960 i can't say enough how important it is 447 00:19:23,270 --> 00:19:17,600 to develop a strong foundation in that 448 00:19:27,669 --> 00:19:25,590 hello mr cassidy my name is morgan and i 449 00:19:29,510 --> 00:19:27,679 am in seventh grade i was wondering when 450 00:19:30,630 --> 00:19:29,520 you go to space about how long does it 451 00:19:37,110 --> 00:19:30,640 take you to get through earth's 452 00:19:42,310 --> 00:19:40,150 well once we climb into the rocket we 453 00:19:44,150 --> 00:19:42,320 get in we get in the rocket about two 454 00:19:46,549 --> 00:19:44,160 and a half hours before launch but that 455 00:19:49,270 --> 00:19:46,559 time doesn't count towards your answer 456 00:19:50,950 --> 00:19:49,280 once the once the rocket lights and we 457 00:19:52,710 --> 00:19:50,960 lift off the pad 458 00:19:55,029 --> 00:19:52,720 the rockets are burning for about eight 459 00:19:58,070 --> 00:19:55,039 and a half to nine minutes then the 460 00:20:00,710 --> 00:19:58,080 engine's cut off and we are safely in 461 00:20:03,029 --> 00:20:00,720 orbit we have to do a few small 462 00:20:05,190 --> 00:20:03,039 adjustments to be 463 00:20:07,350 --> 00:20:05,200 in a more stable orbit 464 00:20:09,430 --> 00:20:07,360 and if we're not going to rendezvous to 465 00:20:11,590 --> 00:20:09,440 the space station we would stay there 466 00:20:14,070 --> 00:20:11,600 and then the next day 467 00:20:15,669 --> 00:20:14,080 do a few maneuvers to catch up and align 468 00:20:17,510 --> 00:20:15,679 ourselves with the space station and on 469 00:20:19,830 --> 00:20:17,520 the third day we would rendezvous 470 00:20:23,029 --> 00:20:19,840 however 471 00:20:24,870 --> 00:20:23,039 we've tried a new technique which myself 472 00:20:27,110 --> 00:20:24,880 and my two russian crewmates pavel 473 00:20:29,029 --> 00:20:27,120 vinogradov and sasha misurkin had the 474 00:20:31,590 --> 00:20:29,039 honor and privilege of of trying out for 475 00:20:33,990 --> 00:20:31,600 the first time a few months ago and that 476 00:20:36,549 --> 00:20:34,000 was we rendezvoused to the space station 477 00:20:37,909 --> 00:20:36,559 six hours after liftoff so we did though 478 00:20:39,909 --> 00:20:37,919 that eight and a half minutes that i 479 00:20:42,390 --> 00:20:39,919 talked about and then over the course of 480 00:20:44,789 --> 00:20:42,400 the next five hours or so 481 00:20:46,950 --> 00:20:44,799 we did a series of maneuvers to catch up 482 00:20:49,990 --> 00:20:46,960 to the space station now 483 00:20:52,310 --> 00:20:50,000 speaking of math to let you appreciate 484 00:20:54,230 --> 00:20:52,320 how complicated all of that that that's 485 00:20:56,390 --> 00:20:54,240 going on the scientists that and 486 00:20:59,750 --> 00:20:56,400 engineers that calculate those maneuvers 487 00:21:03,110 --> 00:20:59,760 the space station is traveling 17 500 488 00:21:03,990 --> 00:21:03,120 miles an hour or five miles every second 489 00:21:05,669 --> 00:21:04,000 and 490 00:21:10,230 --> 00:21:05,679 the 491 00:21:12,149 --> 00:21:10,240 in has to rendezvous with that imagine a 492 00:21:14,310 --> 00:21:12,159 quarterback on a football team throwing 493 00:21:16,549 --> 00:21:14,320 a ball to a receiver who was running 494 00:21:18,230 --> 00:21:16,559 five miles a second across the field and 495 00:21:20,710 --> 00:21:18,240 you have to throw that pass and hit him 496 00:21:22,710 --> 00:21:20,720 perfectly and that's how these engineers 497 00:21:24,549 --> 00:21:22,720 calculate the the maneuver of our 498 00:21:26,630 --> 00:21:24,559 spacecraft and so over the course of 499 00:21:29,110 --> 00:21:26,640 those six hours we successfully caught 500 00:21:41,110 --> 00:21:29,120 up to the space station going 17 500 501 00:21:47,510 --> 00:21:43,590 hello 502 00:21:48,789 --> 00:21:47,520 was wondering how was launching with the 503 00:21:54,230 --> 00:21:48,799 russians different than watching with 504 00:21:58,390 --> 00:21:56,630 well the most notable noticeable thing 505 00:22:00,390 --> 00:21:58,400 for me was all the books that i had in 506 00:22:02,149 --> 00:22:00,400 front of me were written in a language 507 00:22:03,669 --> 00:22:02,159 that i'm not familiar with 508 00:22:04,630 --> 00:22:03,679 i'm familiar with it now i'm sort of 509 00:22:06,149 --> 00:22:04,640 joking 510 00:22:08,710 --> 00:22:06,159 because of all the training and russian 511 00:22:11,510 --> 00:22:08,720 language training that i've had 512 00:22:14,070 --> 00:22:11,520 but it's very comfortable in the shuttle 513 00:22:15,750 --> 00:22:14,080 as a native english speaker to have all 514 00:22:18,390 --> 00:22:15,760 the procedure books written in your 515 00:22:21,669 --> 00:22:18,400 native language it's quite different uh 516 00:22:23,590 --> 00:22:21,679 in in the in the soyuz for me but we do 517 00:22:25,669 --> 00:22:23,600 so much training and i'm very familiar 518 00:22:29,029 --> 00:22:25,679 with pablo and sasha that within our 519 00:22:31,990 --> 00:22:29,039 cockpit we all knew the roles and things 520 00:22:33,830 --> 00:22:32,000 that had to happen much like uh with our 521 00:22:37,190 --> 00:22:33,840 shuttle crew the same sort of feeling i 522 00:22:40,149 --> 00:22:37,200 had a true sense of confidence that we 523 00:22:41,510 --> 00:22:40,159 could accomplish any malfunction 524 00:22:44,230 --> 00:22:41,520 that that 525 00:22:45,430 --> 00:22:44,240 that arose and we would do our best to 526 00:22:47,909 --> 00:22:45,440 solve it 527 00:22:49,590 --> 00:22:47,919 the other noticeable difference is size 528 00:22:50,950 --> 00:22:49,600 the soyuz is more 529 00:22:52,549 --> 00:22:50,960 i don't know if you know these cars are 530 00:22:54,390 --> 00:22:52,559 called a mini cooper 531 00:22:55,990 --> 00:22:54,400 but the soyuz is more like that just a 532 00:22:57,830 --> 00:22:56,000 couple of people really kind of squished 533 00:22:59,830 --> 00:22:57,840 in there in a few bags whereas the 534 00:23:01,590 --> 00:22:59,840 shuttle is a larger like pickup truck 535 00:23:04,149 --> 00:23:01,600 kind of thing where you get a lot of 536 00:23:06,789 --> 00:23:04,159 cargo and you have bigger seats 537 00:23:09,510 --> 00:23:06,799 so it's two different styles and not 538 00:23:11,830 --> 00:23:09,520 not it does neither one's right or wrong 539 00:23:14,070 --> 00:23:11,840 it's just that uh it's different design 540 00:23:16,470 --> 00:23:14,080 on what what it needs to do 541 00:23:17,909 --> 00:23:16,480 so it's much more small and compact 542 00:23:20,630 --> 00:23:17,919 inside the soyuz and the shuttle is a 543 00:23:22,789 --> 00:23:20,640 little bit larger but both uh the ride 544 00:23:26,149 --> 00:23:22,799 to space on either vehicle is a 545 00:23:32,390 --> 00:23:26,159 tremendous experience and uh one that i 546 00:23:35,909 --> 00:23:34,310 chris it's ben squire again i just want 547 00:23:37,830 --> 00:23:35,919 to thank you very much from all the 548 00:23:39,270 --> 00:23:37,840 students at talbot for this great 549 00:23:46,390 --> 00:23:39,280 experience and 550 00:23:50,230 --> 00:23:48,070 well ben thanks thanks so much for 551 00:23:51,510 --> 00:23:50,240 arranging this what a treat it is to be 552 00:23:53,990 --> 00:23:51,520 with you there in fall river 553 00:23:55,830 --> 00:23:54,000 massachusetts and uh 554 00:23:58,789 --> 00:23:55,840 when i get back on earth i'll eventually 555 00:24:01,830 --> 00:23:58,799 be in new england and maybe in the early 556 00:24:04,390 --> 00:24:01,840 spring of 2014 we can arrange 557 00:24:06,470 --> 00:24:04,400 an in-person visit so thanks thanks very 558 00:24:15,269 --> 00:24:06,480 much ben take care and all of you 559 00:24:19,669 --> 00:24:17,909 houston acr thank you that concludes the 560 00:24:21,190 --> 00:24:19,679 event 561 00:24:22,070 --> 00:24:21,200 thank you talbot's innovation middle 562 00:24:23,909 --> 00:24:22,080 school